An Assessment of Barriers to Effective Pain and Symptom Management in Hospice Patients in Borno State Hospitals
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Background of the Study: Pain and symptom management are central to providing quality care in hospice settings, especially for patients in the terminal stages of illness. Effective management improves the quality of life and provides comfort during the last stages of life (Oloruntoba & Akinmoladun, 2024). In Borno State, as in many parts of Nigeria, the hospice care system faces significant challenges in managing the pain and symptoms of terminally ill patients. Factors such as limited resources, inadequate training for healthcare providers, and sociocultural attitudes towards death and suffering can hinder the delivery of optimal pain and symptom management in hospice care (Suleiman et al., 2025).
Nurses play a vital role in the provision of pain management and symptom control in hospice care, addressing both the physical and emotional needs of patients. Despite the availability of pain relief medications such as opioids, barriers such as stigma, fear of addiction, and the high cost of medications often prevent effective pain management. Additionally, nurses may lack sufficient training in managing complex symptoms and providing emotional support, which can result in suboptimal care (Akinyemi et al., 2023). The complexities of managing symptoms like pain, shortness of breath, and nausea in a holistic manner require specialized knowledge and resources, which are often lacking in resource-poor settings like Borno State.
This study aims to assess the barriers that prevent effective pain and symptom management in hospice care for patients in Borno State hospitals, with a focus on the role of nurses in overcoming these barriers.
Statement of the Problem: Despite the critical importance of pain and symptom management in hospice care, there is limited research on the specific barriers faced by nurses in Borno State hospitals. Ineffective pain management not only causes unnecessary suffering for patients but also detracts from the quality of end-of-life care. This study will explore the barriers to effective pain and symptom management in Borno State hospitals and identify strategies to improve the quality of care provided to hospice patients.
Objectives of the Study:
- To identify the barriers to effective pain and symptom management in hospice patients in Borno State hospitals.
- To assess the role of nurses in overcoming these barriers in providing quality care to hospice patients.
- To propose strategies for improving pain and symptom management in hospice care settings in Borno State.
Research Questions:
- What are the key barriers to effective pain and symptom management in hospice patients in Borno State hospitals?
- How do nurses in Borno State hospitals address the challenges related to pain and symptom management in hospice care?
- What strategies can be implemented to improve pain and symptom management in hospice care in Borno State?
Research Hypotheses:
- Limited access to pain relief medications is a significant barrier to effective pain and symptom management in hospice care in Borno State hospitals.
- Nurses' lack of specialized training in pain management contributes to inadequate symptom control for hospice patients in Borno State hospitals.
- The implementation of nurse-led education programs will improve pain and symptom management in hospice care in Borno State hospitals.
Scope and Limitations of the Study: This study will focus on assessing the barriers to effective pain and symptom management in hospice patients within Borno State hospitals. Limitations may include difficulty accessing sensitive patient data and potential biases in responses from nurses or healthcare administrators.
Definitions of Terms:
- Pain and symptom management: The process of controlling and alleviating symptoms such as pain, nausea, and fatigue in terminally ill patients, to improve their quality of life.
- Hospice care: A form of care designed for terminally ill patients, focusing on comfort and quality of life rather than curative treatment.
- Barriers: Factors that hinder or prevent the effective management of pain and symptoms, such as cultural beliefs, resource limitations, and healthcare provider knowledge gaps.
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